Historical and Geographical Setting – It is important for Luke to set his narrative at a particular time. Thus the birth occurred in conjunction with a call for registration for taxes during the time that Quirinius held some governing capacity in
Elevation of the Simple, outcast and downtrodden This is a theme of Mary’s magnificat, “He has brought down the mighty from their thrones and exalted those of humble estate” (1:52).
Lukan Theme
Enrichment of the ordinary
Appearance to shepherds – known as dishonest; unclean; testimony not accepted in court; If this had been a manufactured bit of history, Luke hardly would have had shepherds as providing the first testimony to the birth of Jesus.
Wrapped in strips of cloth – he had exchanged the unviewable glory of his intrinsic holiness and excellence and essential omnipotence for the bands of cloth used to give warmth and a feeling of security to a new-born utterly dependent human child.
Lying in a manger – Jesus own birth would reinforce his message of “Take no thought for tomorrow, what ye shall eat etc.” In his birth, all that he had was on short loan from others and not his at all. The entire affair of bringing him safely into this world was a matter of divine providence.
Note: No amount of earthly status could add anything to the intrinsic glory of Christ; he needed not external trappings to exalt him and he came as an act of pure grace; this is emphasized by the sheer glorylessness of his external circumstances in entering the world. It is one element of Jesus being a stumbling block that so inglorious a setting was given the Messiah. Note the irony of the later observation, “Can any good thing come out f
Announcement – In accordance with the true heavenliness of this event, an angel, though again in a somewhat privatized setting [just to shepherds] announced this event. This angel would be joined by “multitude” to express the amazing exhilaration of these glorious heavenly beings at the coming to earth of the one around whose throne they had sung and marveled for ages.
Pattern in Luke
Appearance of the Angel 9; cf. 1:11; 1:26, 27
Response of fear – 2:9; cf. 1:12, 13; 1:29, 30
Word of reassurance – 2:10; cf. 1:13; 1:30
Divinely ordained message – 2:10-12; cf. 1:13-18; 1:30-33
Sign event [in this case not including any questioning] 2:12; cf. 1:13, 24; 1:36
To the shepherds
The Angel stood before them [-The angel probably is not hovering in the air but is with the shepherds on the ground.
appearance of angels – The coming of the angel made the glory of the Lord shine around the shepherds, probably an emanation from the angels for they stand constantly before the glorious throne of the thrice-holy God. Even Moses, not an angel but a mere man, reflected the divine glory when he came down from the mountain [Exodus 34:29-35] Angel means messenger; and as usual these angels had a message from God; They spoke what God told them and no more.
The message was
good news – gospel
great joy – joy inexpressible, full of glory [1 Peter 1:8; 1 John 1:4]
to all the people – in this case probably the Jews [not peoples] referring in particular to those who already were recipients of promises and were waiting for the redemption of
A child is born, a Son is given in the most humble of states [in stark contrast to the glory which shone around the angels; their radiance of glory was a manifestation of his intrinsic glory]
A Multitude of heavenly host join the single angel standing before the shepherds
They give Glory to God; Angels, both by divine revelation and continual observation knew that his entire episode would be a demonstration of the divine attributes in a way that no other event had ever been or would ever be.
They announce peace to those who are the objects of his good pleasure. The savior has come to reconcile the elect. [Ephesians 1:5, 9]
Confessional importance of Angels – 1 Timothy 3:16
At the Birth – Luke 1 and 2
Temptation – Mt. 4:11
Resurrection –Lk 24:4-6
Ascension – Acts 1
Aids in gospel proclamation – Acts 5:18-21; 12:6-11
Titles of Jesus
A theme of Luke
Son of the Most High – 1:32
Son of God – 1:35
My Lord – 1:43
In the Text
Savior
Christ
Lord
Importance of the historical appearing – Lk 24:26, John 3:17, Acts 17:3, Romans 3:21; Romans 8:3; 9:5; Gal 4:4; Phil 2:6, 7; Col 1:19; 2:9; 1 Tim 1:15; 3:16; 2 Tim 1:10; 2:8; Titus 1:2, 3; 3:4; Heb. 1:6; 2:9, 14; 5:7. God’s redeeming activity is not accomplished by an act of mere will. It had to be accomplished through the completion of and honoring of righteousness among his human creatures.
Responses to the immediate occasion –After the angels returned to heaven several responses of earthly recipients of these angelic visitations are seen.
A. The Shepherds had three responses
They went immediately and found things just as the angels had said. Nothing can thwart the plan of God is sending his Son to accomplish the saving of his people. All of it will be just as God has said.
They told others about these events and about the content of what the angels had said. A savior was born; the savior was indeed the Christ, and the Christ was the Lord.
The shepherds evidently had believed this with a saving belief for they returned, “Glorifying and praising God” and knew that the message they had heard proved to be unalterably true.
B. Those that heard the shepherds had a response – They wondered, that is the found these things to be matters of marvelous importance.
C. Mary responded
Assumptions and Inferences
Connections between History and Redemption – The Fall took place in time and space and brought God’s curse on man in particular but by extension on all the earthly creation. Within that sphere, then, God’s righteous judgment must be manifest and it must be accomplished in the nature that sinned.
Clarity and Simplicity of Revelation – Although the incarnation itself, shows a wisdom an power of truly divine proportions and a complete understanding of it will always elude us and the contemplation of it will be one of the most entertaining and joyful experiences of eternity, the events themselves and the announced purpose of these events is very clear. The Son of God has become incarnate in order to be a savior of Sinners, to gather his people together as a redeemed community.
We must learn to be content and find our only security and deepest joy in knowing that no matter what the appearance of our earthly status we are so absolutely in the hands of God, that no earthly position is any more secure than another but all positions are equally matters of divine directive and will.
