The Theological Grounds for Orderly Public Gatherings

1  Timothy 2:1-15

Introduction – In General, The concern of this passage is what order and concern should prevail in the church in its public gatherings 2:1-15 . Since the corruption of the public meetings through false teachers was one of Paul’s central concerns in chapter one, he now continues with instructions about how godly order is to be maintained in the public meetings of the church. He begins with instructions as to the content and theological rationale behind public prayer. This kind of praying should be done by the men. When, in verse 8 Paul says “in every place” he seems to refer to a variety of places that public gatherings might be held. Though these principles could relate to family prayer and private prayer, the reference to “without anger or quarreling” seems to indicate a group in which the possibility of jealousy and envy might arise over the issue addressed in the first chapter, the necessary refusal of teaching opportunity for those that swerve from the purpose of the gospel, wander into vain discussion, and are without understanding of law and gospel. Public meetings must have such order and be so in accord with doctrinal truth that they proceed in holiness and without the uncertainty of procedure that gives opportunity for the immature or unqualified to co-opt the exercise and create confusion.

How should prayer in the context of public worship and instruction proceed?

Men must pray  2:1-8 –

For men in all types of situations, but particularly those who maintain law and order 2:1f – In prayer of this sort, we recognize that the triune God who is our savior also is the maker and controller of all things for his glory and for the expansion of the gospel to all nations. We are quite often constricted in the scope of our concern, but notice how the apostle points to four types of spiritual engagement we should be involved in as we look to God for his present governing of the nations and the openness of these nations to gospel preaching. Supplications seem to refer to requests for protection from things evil or dangerous; prayers tend to be for the bestowal of goods consistent with the will of God but also demonstrative of the abundant mercies of God; intercessions are particularly related to requests made for the benefit of others; thanksgivings recognize the sustaining hand of God in all situations and that every blessing is the direct result of his gracious provision. Our involvement with “all people” in prayer must go beyond vacuous and insipid generalities to thoughtful content consistent both with their situation and our understanding of those things that would bring God glory in each case.

So that holiness of life and propagation of the gospel may proceed unhindered

Verse 3 – Living with dignity in human society is a good thing before God .  Though we should not be surprised at trials and persecutions (1 Peter1:6; 4:12-14) and should endure them both with joy and thanksgiving; the condition of peace and quiet to enable a free and unhindered access to all places of gospel witness is far preferable and is a positively moral good.

Verse 4 – This kind of stability and freedom in government allows the leaven of the gospel to permeate all levels of society and all ethnic groups. Oppressive persecuting societies hinder, and sometimes darken completely a population’s access to the wonderful words of forgiveness of sins from a merciful God. God’s will, his desire, is for the extension of salvation beyond the nation  of the Messiah to all nations, to all people – God’s salvation is not for the Jews only or for one level of society only.  By his grace it will indeed extend to every tribe and every tongue. A mystery of divine providence is that he uses evil rulers to retard greatly the access that the nations have to the gospel in Islamic countries and in atheized totalitarian regimes. But even in those situations, God’s word is not bound, but will reach and call forth the elect (2 Timothy 2:8-10). Paul’s ideal was free access; those that hindered such access displeased God (1 Thessalonians 2:15, 16), but he did not despair of God’s wisdom and power in accomplishing the calling of all the elect. Though he was bound in chains like a criminal (2 Timothy 2:9), this did not becloud his confidence that God would reach and save all his elect through his word. Peter himself recognized that this Pauline  insight-by-revelation was difficult to understand, but nevertheless affirmed the same thing himself (2 Peter 1:8-10 and 3:9, 14-18)

The gods of the nations are no gods at all. Only Jehovah is God and he is the triune God, three persons in a single divine essence, which essence embraces the reality of personal distinctions in an eternal relationship of interpersonal fellowship, unblemished love, perfect harmony of will, and reciprocity of pleasure and delight. The Father is Father eternally, and from him the Son is eternally generated and the Spirit eternally proceeds; The Son is the Son eternally and, as generated by the Father is the express image, the perfect replication, of all the perfections of the divine attributes and glory (John 8:58; 10:15, 25, 30; 14:7-11; Colossians 1:13-15; Hebrews 1:3) and he returns to the Father his pleasure in this status in the perfect communication flowing from him to the Father by the Spirit; so the Spirit perfectly enjoys the glory of the eternal relations between Father and Son, knows and embraces eternally all these perfections in perfect approval and love, and is Himself the fullness of communication of all the infinitely excellent wonder of divine perfections from the Father to the Son and in turn, returns from the Son to the Father as the personal expression of joy that the Son has in his essential union with the Father. These eternal relationships intrinsic to the eternal Trinity show themselves in personally appropriate ways in salvation. So, it is the “Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places” and all these blessings are perfectly brought to us “in Christ” and sealed to us by the Holy Spirit, who by his very nature knows the depths of God. (Ephesians 1:3-14; 1 Corinthians 2:10, 11).

There is one God, not many, and he is the triune God.  Reconciliation must be made to this God and no other – He has created all, all are under his judgment, and no truth exists but that which extends from his nature and the creation that reflects his glory.

For this reason, there is only one mediator between sinful humanity and the God who created them; All the factors involved in the reconciliation of sinful moral beings created in the image of God must come in a way that accords with the perfection of his moral nature. Just any way will not do, but only the way contrived by divine wisdom, the work of a mediator who has pure interest in the well-being of both parties involved in the need for reconciliation.

Christ Jesus, the anointed one whose name is Jesus of Nazareth, who represents fully the interests of a sinful humanity for he himself partakes fully of our humanity (cf. Hebrews 2:10-18). He also represents fully the interests of divine holiness, justice, and goodness and is the embodiment of mercy in that he is God in the flesh, our Lord (1:2) No other being is a fit mediator between God and man.

Christ Jesus the man mediated by becoming a ransom as he taught as a startling manifestation of servanthood in Mark 10:45 – a payment given in substitute for many. As a ransom he meant that the whole price, the entire cost of freeing his people, the “many”, from certain death as the wages of sin was paid by him instead of them They deserved to pay the wages, and in a sense to be the wages since the payment must be an actual infliction of wrath on their persons, for their having served sin; but he substituted himself [antilutron].

Only he could provide the ransom – for “All” : not every person but every race. All that ever were saved or ever will be must come through him (John 14:6) for he alone is the ransom. No other ransom can be found.  That this ransom extends beyond the ethnic parameters of the physical ethnically identified descendants of Abraham into the Gentiles the nations, was an astounding reality that had to be treated by all the apostles.

Verse 6 b – “Testimony given at the proper time” – This testimony is the peculiar glory of the new covenant, and is now announced through those commissioned by Christ himself as his apostles. This message, its extension to the Gentiles, its purpose to redefine the manner of identifying the people of God by the spiritual qualities set forth in the New Covenant [Ezekiel 36, 37; Jeremiah 31:31-40) and their unending habitation of a purified and abundantly productive land is now fulfilled in the preaching of the gospel of Christ as fundamental to the new birth and the thus-created new people. – “Therefore, he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance . . . If they had been thinking of that land from which they had gone out, they would have had opportunity to return. But as it is, they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore, God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared for them a city. . . . For here we have no lasting city; but we seek the city that is to come” (Hebrews 9:15, 11:15-16; 13:14).

Verse 7 – This reality shows that Paul’s mission to the Gentiles is warranted.

Three offices – herald, a proclaimer; apostle, sent with a particular message; teacher, unfolding the implications of this message layer after layer for the change of both mind and action.

He was responsible for their knowing doctrine both in faith and in truth. There can be no faith in something that is false. Belief and trust in a falsehood is the essence of idolatry and guarantees a failed life and a violent eternity in wrestling with an immovable justice. Paul defined his apostleship in this two fold manner, for the proclamation of something “true” in order to evoke a heartfelt submission to such truth [“faith”]  cf. Gal 3:1-5, 23-29 –where Paul insists that falling from the truth is the same as a falling from faith and grace]. This same formula in Titus 1:1 –“Paul a servant of God, particularly an apostle of Jesus Christ focused precisely on the faith of God’s elect and conjointly their knowledge of the truth that produces true worship and piety intent on the hope of eternal life which the unlying God promised before the ages of chronological time began” (my translation). The same was true in his proclamat6ion to the Thessalonians: “God chose you from the beginning [or as the first-fruits] through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth.” That the Messiah was also for the Gentiles, that God’s electing purpose extended to the Gentiles and that Abraham’s seed by faith would include them was the great mystery revealed in the apostolic preaching (Acts 10:44-48) See Colossians 1:27

Confidence in the singularity and exclusivity of the Gospel Message – All of these things meet in the sure conclusion that no other God saves, no other mediator qualifies to be a propitiation, provide a ransom, and effect reconciliation, and no other message is true.

Women should focus on quietness, submission, and modesty – The men must perform their public ministry of prayer with holiness “lifting up holy hands” so the women must participate in the assembly with appropriate submission fostering holiness.